There are two kinds of tooth extractions: simple extractions and complex ones, the kind often needed for wisdom teeth.  

A simple tooth extraction is started by separating the tooth from surrounding tissue with a special tool called an “elevator.” The tooth must then be rocked back and forth to loosen it. When loosened, it can be removed with a pair of forceps which is a dental implement for grasping teeth.  

A complex extraction needs a more involved approach to cleanly and completely remove the tooth. This need could arise because the tooth is broken, fragile and likely to break, or because it is impacted, meaning it is not emerging properly from the jaw.  

Impacted teeth can be tightly bound to the jawbone or positioned in such a way that they have no room to erupt (break through the gum). If left untreated, infections or cysts can form in the area. It’s important to extract them before they can create other problems.